Most train bed car groove operation

Lathe turning groove operation

set grooves on parts. First, it is for the convenience of subsequent processing, such as lathe turning thread J undercut, grinding over process groove, etc; The second is to ensure the accuracy of axial positioning of parts during assembly, such as shaft shoulder groove; The third part of the lathe is the T-shaped body and dovetail groove for moving or fastening at will; The fourth part of the lathe is to set different forms of lubrication grooves, as well as sealing grooves and dust-proof grooves for sealing or dustproof on the mutually moving mating surfaces

the structural forms of grooves include rectangular grooves, forming grooves, oblique scouring grooves, end grooves, etc. According to the position of the groove, it can be divided into outer groove and inner groove

cutting of rectangular groove:

when turning rectangular groove, the geometric parameters and installation method of turning groove cutter are roughly similar to that of cutting knife. They also have two symmetrical tool tips, auxiliary deflection angles and auxiliary organic lining rear angles, such as spec, and the main J cutting edge is parallel to the workpiece axis

the basic method of cutting rectangular groove is:

1) when cutting narrow rectangular groove, the width of the main cutting edge is equal to the width of the groove, the length of the tool head is slightly greater than the groove depth, and the turning tool is straight in and out at one time

2) turning a wide rectangular groove, you can use a narrow slotting cutter to make rough turning by shifting the cutter left and right several times. After leaving allowance on the bottom and both sides of the groove, turn it to the size with a fine turning cutter

cutting of forming grooves:

forming grooves include circular arc grooves and trapezoidal grooves

1) narrow circular arc groove or trapezoidal groove, grind the groove blade into the form of the same shape and size as the forming groove, and turn it out in one transverse feed

2) wide and deep forming grooves, especially the forming grooves of inner holes, are often cut in two steps due to the restriction of the rigidity of turning tools:

① cutting in two steps. Generally, first turn the straight groove with a grooving knife, and then turn it with a forming knife

② left and right knife feed or oblique feed. When the Wei shaped groove of the lathe is very wide and deep, the small sliding plate can be shaken while the middle sliding plate enters the mackerel laterally, so that the turning tool moves slightly left or right, forming the left and right tool shifting feed of single-sided cutting; Or at the same time of the cross feed of the middle sliding plate, shake the small sliding plate to make the turning tool move slightly in one direction and feed in a single oblique direction. After rough turning, leave a comprehensive amount, and then turn it to the size with a fine turning tool

cutting of inclined groove:

inclined groove is an over travel groove used to grind cylindrical surface and end face at the same time, forming an empty knife in both directions of cylindrical surface and end face

the inclined groove is divided into linear and circular arc shapes. Generally, the inclination meets the experimental method and the standard degree is 45., The lathe slotting tool has the characteristics of an inner hole turning tool. According to the size of the groove arc, each part of the cutting edge should be ground into a corresponding arc back angle

when cutting, turn the small sliding plate to 450 and use the small sliding plate to cut and form at one time

cutting of end face groove:

the grooving tool for cutting end face groove has the comprehensive characteristics of cylindrical turning tool and inner hole turning tool. There are two tool tips inside and outside, one is equivalent to cylindrical turning tool, and the other is equivalent to inner hole turning tool. Therefore, lathes should sharpen slotting cutters according to their respective cutting characteristics

(1) turn the geometric shape of the end face straight groove end face straight groove cutter. Lathe tool outer tip. It is equivalent to turning the inner hole, so the back angle R of the pair should be grinded out according to the size of the end face arc, so as to prevent the back of the pair from colliding with the outer groove surface

(2) turn the T-shaped groove of the T-shaped tank car, and use three kinds of turning tools in three steps:

1) use the end face straight groove cutting tool, feed longitudinally, and turn out the end face straight groove

2) use the elbow right slotting knife instead, just like turning the straight groove of the inner hole, turning out the outer groove

3) use the elbow left grooving knife to turn out the inner groove

(3) the steps and methods of turning the dovetail groove of the dovetail tank car are basically the same as the method of cutting the T-shaped groove. Three kinds of turning tools are also used in three steps. Generally, the power of the Electromechanical is not greater than "#" T9, that is, after turning the straight groove on the end face, use the left and right inclined forming cutters respectively to form the dovetail groove

when turning T-shaped grooves and dovetail grooves, the cutting edge on the outside of the turning should also be sharpened according to the principle of inner hole turning tools. Because the width of the straight groove on the end face of the lathe is limited, the cutter bars of the left and right elbow grooving knives and the left and right inclined forming knives are thin, and the strength of the cutter head is poor. Since its development, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the feed rate, observe the chip removal condition at any time, and remove it in time. When using high-speed steel turning tools, the lathe should also reduce the cutting speed and add cutting fluid. (end)